ROUGH GRAMMAR NOTES

REVIEW:

Noun A word that is a part of speech that names a person, place, thing, or idea. cat, love, freedom, Mike, parking lot				Verb A word that is a part of speech that expresses action or state of being.
Pronouns he, she, it, they		Proper Nouns Ebenezer Scrooge, President Obama		Action Verb kicks, runs	State of Being Verb am,  was		Linking Verb is walking
Subject The part of a sentence that tells who or what the sentence is about. It is either a noun or a pronoun. The fuzzy cat slept on the steps.				Predicate The part of a sentence that tells what the subject does or what happens to the subject. The fuzzy cat had slept on the steps.
Simple Subject The fuzzy cat	Complete Subject The fuzzy cat		Compound Subject The cat and the dog…	Simple Predicate H ad slept on the steps		Complete Predicate had slept on the steps		Compound Predicate …stretched and slept.
Sentence A group of words that express a complete thought, containing both a subject and a predicate.

NEW CONCEPTS

Clause A group of words that contains a subject and a predicate.

Independent (or Main) Clause A group of words with a subject and predicate that can stand alone as a sentence, expressing a complete thought. Liam drew a picture.

Dependent (or Subordinate) Clause A group of words that contains a subordinating conjunction, a subject, and a predicate, that cannot stand as sentence. Because Liam drew a picture Because Liam drew a picture, we actually got it finished. (needs a comma) We actually got it finished because Liam drew a picture. (no comma needed) The people that Liam knew from school got free passes to the rock concert. (not the best example, but you get the idea)

Sentence A group of words that express a complete thought, containing both a subject and a predicate.
Simple Sentence A sentence with one independent clause expressing a complete thought.	Compound Sentence A sentence that contains two or more independent clauses joined by a semicolon (;) or comma with a coordinating conjunction. FANBOYS For And Nor But Or Yet So	Complex Sentence A sentence that contains one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. Uses subordinating conjunctions	Compound-Complex Sentence A sentence that is both compound (contains two or more independent clauses) and complex (contains one or more dependent clauses).
The dog scratched. The cat slept. The cat and the dog slept. The dog slept and scratched. The cat and the dog slept and scratched.	The dog scratched; the cat slept. The dog scratched, and the cat slept. F.A.N.B.O.Y.S.

Conjunction A word that is a part of speech that connects two or more words, sentences, phrases or clauses.
Coordinating Conjunction A conjunction that links independent clauses to form a compound sentence. F.A.N.B.O.Y.S. (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So)	Subordinating Conjunction A conjunction used to introduces an dependent clause Because, Although, Since, Once, Until, Before, Unless,